Weiterleitung nach [[HQ/Netz#Problembehebung]]
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[[Kategorie:Infrastruktur]]
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{{NiftyDiv|
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Farbe=#aafd72|
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Inhalt=
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Vermutlich bist du auf diese Wikiseite aufmerksam geworden weil das Internet im HQ nicht funktioniert :>
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Viel Spaß beim fixen ...
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}}
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== benötigte Software ==
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* Linux
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<source lang=bash>
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sudo apt-get install tcpdump arping telnet
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</source>
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* FreeBSD
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<source lang=bash>
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pkg install arpdig arping
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</source>
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== starte dein Netzwerk neu! ==
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Versuch zunächst dein Interface neu zu starten (um eine frische IP vom DHCP-Server zu bekommen):
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* Linux
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<source lang=bash>
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sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
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</source>
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* FreeBSD
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<source lang=bash>
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/etc/rc.d/netif restart
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</source>
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== Hast du eine IP-Adresse? ==
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* Linux
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<source lang=bash>
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ip a
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3: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
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link/ether 00:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
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inet 172.22.99.100-200/24 brd 172.22.99.255 scope global wlan0
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valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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inet6 2001:4dd0:fb82:c3d2:ffff:ffff:ffff:fff/64 scope global dynamic
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valid_lft 180sec preferred_lft 60sec
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inet6 fe80::ffff:ffff:ffff:fff/64 scope link
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valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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</source>
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* FreeBSD
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<source lang=bash>
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ifconfig
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wlan0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500
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ether 00:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
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inet6 fe80::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff%wlan0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x7
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inet6 2001:4dd0:fb82:c3d2:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff prefixlen 64 autoconf
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inet 172.22.99.100-200 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 172.22.99.255
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nd6 options=23<PERFORMNUD,ACCEPT_RTADV,AUTO_LINKLOCAL>
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media: IEEE 802.11 Wireless Ethernet OFDM/54Mbps mode 11g
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status: associated
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ssid C3D2 channel 6 (2437 MHz 11g) bssid f4:ec:38:ba:1d:ac
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country US authmode OPEN privacy OFF txpower 0 bmiss 7 scanvalid 60
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protmode CTS roaming MANUAL
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</source>
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=== IP-Adress Dublikate suchen ===
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Überprüfe zuerst ob die gewünschte IP-Adresse, im Bereich 100-200, schon vergeben ist:
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z.B. 172.22.99.199
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* Linux
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<source lang=bash>
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arping -i wlan0 -c 3 172.22.99.199
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--- 172.22.99.199 statistics ---
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3 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered (0 extra)
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arping -i wlan0 -D -c 3 172.22.99.199
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... 100% packet loss
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</source>
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* FreeBSD
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<source lang=bash>
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arping -i wlan0 -c 3 172.22.99.199
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--- 172.22.99.199 statistics ---
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3 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered (0 extra)
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arping -i wlan0 -D -c 3 172.22.99.199
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... 100% packet loss
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</source>
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=== IP-Adresse selbst geben ===
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* Linux
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<source lang=bash>
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sudo killall dhclient
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sudo ifconfig wlan0 inet 172.22.99.199 netmask 255.255.255.0
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</source>
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* FreeBSD
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<source lang=bash>
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sudo killall dhclient
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ifconfig wlan0 inet 172.22.99.199 netmask 255.255.255.0
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</source>
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* IPv6 wird mit SLAAC verteilt ...
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== Ist das Gateway erreichbar? ==
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primäres:
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<source lang=bash>
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ping 172.22.99.1
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</source>
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sekundäres:
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<source lang=bash>
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ping 172.22.99.4
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</source>
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=== Default-Gateway ändern (auf sekundär) ===
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* Linux
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<source lang=bash>
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sudo route del default
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sudo route add default gw 172.22.99.4 wlan0
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</source>
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* FreeBSD
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<source lang=bash>
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/etc/rc.d/routing restart
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route del default
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route add default 172.22.99.4
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</source>
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Überprüfung der Routingtabelle mit netstat
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<source lang=bash>
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netstat -nr
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Kernel-IP-Routentabelle
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Ziel Router Genmask Flags MSS Fenster irtt Iface
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0.0.0.0 172.22.99.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 wlan0
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169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 wlan0
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172.22.99.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 wlan0
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</source>
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=== IPv6 Gateway ermitteln ===
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* Linux
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<source lang=bash>
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ip -6 neighbour
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fe80::f6ec:38ff:feba:1dac dev wlan0 lladdr f4:ec:38:ba:1d:ac router DELAY
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</source>
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* FreeBSD
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<source lang=bash>
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ndp -a
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</source>
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(S Flags = SR)
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== funktioniert der lokale DNS Cache? ==
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primär:
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<source lang=bash>
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172.22.99.51
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</source>
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sekundär:
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<source lang=bash>
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172.22.99.251
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</source>
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* Linux
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<source lang=bash>
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dig ANY @172.22.99.51 heise.de
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</source>
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* FreeBSD
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<source lang=bash>
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drill ANY @172.22.99.251 heise.de
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</source>
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=== externe DNS Resolver verwenden ===
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<source lang=bash>
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sudo vi /etc/resolv.conf
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search hq.c3d2.de
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nameserver 74.82.42.42
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nameserver 213.73.91.35
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</source>
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== funktioniert der lokale Web Cache? ==
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<source lang=bash>
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telnet 172.22.99.53 3128
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Trying 172.22.99.53...
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Connected to 172.22.99.53.
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Escape character is '^]'.
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</source>
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=== Web Cache vorübergehend deaktivieren ===
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z.B.: FireFox
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Preferences -> Advanced -> Network -> Settings -> von Auto-detect Proxy auf NO
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#REDIRECT [[HQ/Netz#Problembehebung]]
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