456 lines
20 KiB
Plaintext
456 lines
20 KiB
Plaintext
// -*- mode:doc; -*-
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// vim: set syntax=asciidoc:
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=== Infrastructure for packages with specific build systems
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By 'packages with specific build systems' we mean all the packages
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whose build system is not one of the standard ones, such as
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'autotools' or 'CMake'. This typically includes packages whose build
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system is based on hand-written Makefiles or shell scripts.
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[[generic-package-tutorial]]
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==== +generic-package+ tutorial
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------------------------------
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01: ################################################################################
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02: #
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03: # libfoo
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04: #
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05: ################################################################################
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06:
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07: LIBFOO_VERSION = 1.0
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08: LIBFOO_SOURCE = libfoo-$(LIBFOO_VERSION).tar.gz
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09: LIBFOO_SITE = http://www.foosoftware.org/download
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10: LIBFOO_LICENSE = GPLv3+
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11: LIBFOO_LICENSE_FILES = COPYING
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12: LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING = YES
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13: LIBFOO_CONFIG_SCRIPTS = libfoo-config
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14: LIBFOO_DEPENDENCIES = host-libaaa libbbb
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15:
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16: define LIBFOO_BUILD_CMDS
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17: $(MAKE) CC="$(TARGET_CC)" LD="$(TARGET_LD)" -C $(@D) all
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18: endef
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19:
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20: define LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING_CMDS
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21: $(INSTALL) -D -m 0755 $(@D)/libfoo.a $(STAGING_DIR)/usr/lib/libfoo.a
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22: $(INSTALL) -D -m 0644 $(@D)/foo.h $(STAGING_DIR)/usr/include/foo.h
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23: $(INSTALL) -D -m 0755 $(@D)/libfoo.so* $(STAGING_DIR)/usr/lib
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24: endef
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25:
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26: define LIBFOO_INSTALL_TARGET_CMDS
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27: $(INSTALL) -D -m 0755 $(@D)/libfoo.so* $(TARGET_DIR)/usr/lib
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28: $(INSTALL) -d -m 0755 $(TARGET_DIR)/etc/foo.d
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29: endef
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30:
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31: define LIBFOO_DEVICES
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32: /dev/foo c 666 0 0 42 0 - - -
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33: endef
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34:
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35: define LIBFOO_PERMISSIONS
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36: /bin/foo f 4755 0 0 - - - - -
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37: endef
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38:
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39: define LIBFOO_USERS
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40: foo -1 libfoo -1 * - - - LibFoo daemon
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41: endef
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42:
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43: $(eval $(generic-package))
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--------------------------------
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The Makefile begins on line 7 to 11 with metadata information: the
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version of the package (+LIBFOO_VERSION+), the name of the
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tarball containing the package (+LIBFOO_SOURCE+) (xz-ed tarball recommended)
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the Internet location at which the tarball can be downloaded from
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(+LIBFOO_SITE+), the license (+LIBFOO_LICENSE+) and file with the
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license text (+LIBFOO_LICENSE_FILES+). All variables must start with
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the same prefix, +LIBFOO_+ in this case. This prefix is always the
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uppercased version of the package name (see below to understand where
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the package name is defined).
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On line 12, we specify that this package wants to install something to
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the staging space. This is often needed for libraries, since they must
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install header files and other development files in the staging space.
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This will ensure that the commands listed in the
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+LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING_CMDS+ variable will be executed.
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On line 13, we specify that there is some fixing to be done to some
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of the 'libfoo-config' files that were installed during
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+LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING_CMDS+ phase.
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These *-config files are executable shell script files that are
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located in '$(STAGING_DIR)/usr/bin' directory and are executed
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by other 3rd party packages to find out the location and the linking
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flags of this particular package.
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The problem is that all these *-config files by default give wrong,
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host system linking flags that are unsuitable for cross-compiling.
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For example: '-I/usr/include' instead of '-I$(STAGING_DIR)/usr/include'
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or: '-L/usr/lib' instead of '-L$(STAGING_DIR)/usr/lib'
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So some sed magic is done to these scripts to make them give correct
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flags.
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The argument to be given to +LIBFOO_CONFIG_SCRIPTS+ is the file name(s)
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of the shell script(s) needing fixing. All these names are relative to
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'$(STAGING_DIR)/usr/bin' and if needed multiple names can be given.
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In addition, the scripts listed in +LIBFOO_CONFIG_SCRIPTS+ are removed
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from +$(TARGET_DIR)/usr/bin+, since they are not needed on the target.
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.Config script: 'divine' package
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================================
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Package divine installs shell script '$(STAGING_DIR)/usr/bin/divine-config'.
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So its fixup would be:
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--------------------------------
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DIVINE_CONFIG_SCRIPTS = divine-config
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--------------------------------
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================================
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.Config script: 'imagemagick' package:
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================================
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Package imagemagick installs the following scripts:
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'$(STAGING_DIR)/usr/bin/{Magick,Magick++,MagickCore,MagickWand,Wand}-config'
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So it's fixup would be:
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--------------------------------
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IMAGEMAGICK_CONFIG_SCRIPTS = \
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Magick-config Magick++-config \
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MagickCore-config MagickWand-config Wand-config
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--------------------------------
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================================
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On line 14, we specify the list of dependencies this package relies
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on. These dependencies are listed in terms of lower-case package names,
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which can be packages for the target (without the +host-+
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prefix) or packages for the host (with the +host-+) prefix).
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Buildroot will ensure that all these packages are built and installed
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'before' the current package starts its configuration.
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The rest of the Makefile, lines 16..29, defines what should be done
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at the different steps of the package configuration, compilation and
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installation.
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+LIBFOO_BUILD_CMDS+ tells what steps should be performed to
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build the package. +LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING_CMDS+ tells what
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steps should be performed to install the package in the staging space.
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+LIBFOO_INSTALL_TARGET_CMDS+ tells what steps should be
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performed to install the package in the target space.
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All these steps rely on the +$(@D)+ variable, which
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contains the directory where the source code of the package has been
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extracted.
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On line 31..33, we define a device-node file used by this package
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(+LIBFOO_DEVICES+).
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On line 35..37, we define the permissions to set to specific files
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installed by this package (+LIBFOO_PERMISSIONS+).
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On lines 39..41, we define a user that is used by this package (e.g.
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to run a daemon as non-root) (+LIBFOO_USERS+).
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Finally, on line 43, we call the +generic-package+ function, which
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generates, according to the variables defined previously, all the
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Makefile code necessary to make your package working.
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[[generic-package-reference]]
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==== +generic-package+ reference
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There are two variants of the generic target. The +generic-package+ macro is
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used for packages to be cross-compiled for the target. The
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+host-generic-package+ macro is used for host packages, natively compiled
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for the host. It is possible to call both of them in a single +.mk+
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file: once to create the rules to generate a target
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package and once to create the rules to generate a host package:
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----------------------
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$(eval $(generic-package))
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$(eval $(host-generic-package))
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----------------------
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This might be useful if the compilation of the target package requires
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some tools to be installed on the host. If the package name is
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+libfoo+, then the name of the package for the target is also
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+libfoo+, while the name of the package for the host is
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+host-libfoo+. These names should be used in the DEPENDENCIES
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variables of other packages, if they depend on +libfoo+ or
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+host-libfoo+.
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The call to the +generic-package+ and/or +host-generic-package+ macro *must* be
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at the end of the +.mk+ file, after all variable definitions.
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For the target package, the +generic-package+ uses the variables defined by
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the .mk file and prefixed by the uppercased package name:
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+LIBFOO_*+. +host-generic-package+ uses the +HOST_LIBFOO_*+ variables. For
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'some' variables, if the +HOST_LIBFOO_+ prefixed variable doesn't
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exist, the package infrastructure uses the corresponding variable
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prefixed by +LIBFOO_+. This is done for variables that are likely to
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have the same value for both the target and host packages. See below
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for details.
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The list of variables that can be set in a +.mk+ file to give metadata
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information is (assuming the package name is +libfoo+) :
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* +LIBFOO_VERSION+, mandatory, must contain the version of the
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package. Note that if +HOST_LIBFOO_VERSION+ doesn't exist, it is
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assumed to be the same as +LIBFOO_VERSION+. It can also be a
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revision number, branch or tag for packages that are fetched
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directly from their revision control system. +
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Examples: +
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+LIBFOO_VERSION = 0.1.2+ +
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+LIBFOO_VERSION = cb9d6aa9429e838f0e54faa3d455bcbab5eef057+ +
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+LIBFOO_VERSION = stable+
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* +LIBFOO_SOURCE+ may contain the name of the tarball of
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the package. If +HOST_LIBFOO_SOURCE+ is not specified, it
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defaults to +LIBFOO_SOURCE+. If none are specified, then
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the value is assumed to be
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+libfoo-$(LIBFOO_VERSION).tar.gz+. +
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Example: +LIBFOO_SOURCE = foobar-$(LIBFOO_VERSION).tar.bz2+
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* +LIBFOO_PATCH+ may contain a space-separated list of patch file
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names, that will be downloaded from the same location as the tarball
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indicated in +LIBFOO_SOURCE+, and then applied to the package source
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code. If +HOST_LIBFOO_PATCH+ is not specified, it defaults to
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+LIBFOO_PATCH+. Note that patches that are included in Buildroot
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itself use a different mechanism: all files of the form
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+<packagename>-*.patch+ present in the package directory inside
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Buildroot will be applied to the package after extraction (see
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xref:patch-policy[patching a package]). Finally, patches listed in
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the +LIBFOO_PATCH+ variable are applied _before_ the patches stored
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in the Buildroot package directory.
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* +LIBFOO_SITE+ provides the location of the package, which can be a
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URL or a local filesystem path. HTTP, FTP and SCP are supported URL
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types for retrieving package tarballs. Git, Subversion, Mercurial,
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and Bazaar are supported URL types for retrieving packages directly
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from source code management systems. There is a helper function to make
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it easier to download source tarballs from GitHub (refer to
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xref:github-download-url[] for details). A filesystem path may be used
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to specify either a tarball or a directory containing the package
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source code. See +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD+ below for more details on how
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retrieval works. +
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Note that SCP URLs should be of the form
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+scp://[user@]host:filepath+, and that filepath is relative to the
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user's home directory, so you may want to prepend the path with a
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slash for absolute paths:
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+scp://[user@]host:/absolutepath+. +
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If +HOST_LIBFOO_SITE+ is not specified, it defaults to
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+LIBFOO_SITE+.
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Examples: +
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+LIBFOO_SITE=http://www.libfoosoftware.org/libfoo+ +
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+LIBFOO_SITE=http://svn.xiph.org/trunk/Tremor/+ +
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+LIBFOO_SITE=/opt/software/libfoo.tar.gz+ +
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+LIBFOO_SITE=$(TOPDIR)/../src/libfoo/+
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* +LIBFOO_EXTRA_DOWNLOADS+ lists a number of additional files that
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Buildroot should download from +LIBFOO_SITE+ in addition to the main
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+LIBFOO_SOURCE+ (which usually is a tarball). Buildroot will not do
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anything with those additional files, except download files: it will
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be up to the package recipe to use them from +$(BR2_DL_DIR)+.
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* +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD+ determines the method used to fetch or copy the
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package source code. In many cases, Buildroot guesses the method
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from the contents of +LIBFOO_SITE+ and setting +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD+
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is unnecessary. When +HOST_LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD+ is not specified, it
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defaults to the value of +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD+. +
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The possible values of +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD+ are:
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** +wget+ for normal FTP/HTTP downloads of tarballs. Used by
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default when +LIBFOO_SITE+ begins with +http://+, +https://+ or
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+ftp://+.
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** +scp+ for downloads of tarballs over SSH with scp. Used by
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default when +LIBFOO_SITE+ begins with +scp://+.
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** +svn+ for retrieving source code from a Subversion repository.
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Used by default when +LIBFOO_SITE+ begins with +svn://+. When a
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+http://+ Subversion repository URL is specified in
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+LIBFOO_SITE+, one 'must' specify +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD=svn+.
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Buildroot performs a checkout which is preserved as a tarball in
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the download cache; subsequent builds use the tarball instead of
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performing another checkout.
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** +cvs+ for retrieving source code from a CVS repository.
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Used by default when +LIBFOO_SITE+ begins with +cvs://+.
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The downloaded source code is cached as with the +svn+ method.
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Only anonymous pserver mode is supported.
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+LIBFOO_SITE+ 'must' contain the source URL as well as the remote
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repository directory. The module is the package name.
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+LIBFOO_VERSION+ is 'mandatory' and 'must' be a timestamp.
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** +git+ for retrieving source code from a Git repository. Used by
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default when +LIBFOO_SITE+ begins with +git://+. The downloaded
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source code is cached as with the +svn+
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method.
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** +hg+ for retrieving source code from a Mercurial repository. One
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'must' specify +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD=hg+ when +LIBFOO_SITE+
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contains a Mercurial repository URL. The downloaded source code
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is cached as with the +svn+ method.
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** +bzr+ for retrieving source code from a Bazaar repository. Used
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by default when +LIBFOO_SITE+ begins with +bzr://+. The
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downloaded source code is cached as with the +svn+ method.
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** +file+ for a local tarball. One should use this when
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+LIBFOO_SITE+ specifies a package tarball as a local filename.
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Useful for software that isn't available publicly or in version
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control.
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** +local+ for a local source code directory. One should use this
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when +LIBFOO_SITE+ specifies a local directory path containing
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the package source code. Buildroot copies the contents of the
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source directory into the package's build directory.
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* +LIBFOO_DEPENDENCIES+ lists the dependencies (in terms of package
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name) that are required for the current target package to
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compile. These dependencies are guaranteed to be compiled and
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installed before the configuration of the current package starts. In
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a similar way, +HOST_LIBFOO_DEPENDENCIES+ lists the dependencies for
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the current host package.
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* +LIBFOO_PROVIDES+ lists all the virtual packages +libfoo+ is an
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implementation of. See xref:virtual-package-tutorial[].
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* +LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING+ can be set to +YES+ or +NO+ (default). If
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set to +YES+, then the commands in the +LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING_CMDS+
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variables are executed to install the package into the staging
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directory.
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* +LIBFOO_INSTALL_TARGET+ can be set to +YES+ (default) or +NO+. If
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set to +YES+, then the commands in the +LIBFOO_INSTALL_TARGET_CMDS+
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variables are executed to install the package into the target
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directory.
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* +LIBFOO_CONFIG_SCRIPTS+ lists the names of the files in
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'$(STAGING_DIR)/usr/bin' that need some special fixing to make them
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cross-compiling friendly. Multiple file names separated by space can
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be given and all are relative to '$(STAGING_DIR)/usr/bin'. The files
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listed in +LIBFOO_CONFIG_SCRIPTS+ are also removed from
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+$(TARGET_DIR)/usr/bin+ since they are not needed on the target.
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* +LIBFOO_DEVICES+ lists the device files to be created by Buildroot
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when using the static device table. The syntax to use is the
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makedevs one. You can find some documentation for this syntax in the
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xref:makedev-syntax[]. This variable is optional.
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* +LIBFOO_PERMISSIONS+ lists the changes of permissions to be done at
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the end of the build process. The syntax is once again the makedevs one.
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You can find some documentation for this syntax in the xref:makedev-syntax[].
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This variable is optional.
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* +LIBFOO_USERS+ lists the users to create for this package, if it installs
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a program you want to run as a specific user (e.g. as a daemon, or as a
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cron-job). The syntax is similar in spirit to the makedevs one, and is
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described in the xref:makeuser-syntax[]. This variable is optional.
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* +LIBFOO_LICENSE+ defines the license (or licenses) under which the package
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is released.
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This name will appear in the manifest file produced by +make legal-info+.
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If the license appears in xref:legal-info-list-licenses[the following list],
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use the same string to make the manifest file uniform.
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Otherwise, describe the license in a precise and concise way, avoiding
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ambiguous names such as +BSD+ which actually name a family of licenses.
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This variable is optional. If it is not defined, +unknown+ will appear in
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the +license+ field of the manifest file for this package.
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* +LIBFOO_LICENSE_FILES+ is a space-separated list of files in the package
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tarball that contain the license(s) under which the package is released.
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+make legal-info+ copies all of these files in the +legal-info+ directory.
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See xref:legal-info[] for more information.
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This variable is optional. If it is not defined, a warning will be produced
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to let you know, and +not saved+ will appear in the +license files+ field
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of the manifest file for this package.
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* +LIBFOO_REDISTRIBUTE+ can be set to +YES+ (default) or +NO+ to indicate if
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the package source code is allowed to be redistributed. Set it to +NO+ for
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non-opensource packages: Buildroot will not save the source code for this
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package when collecting the +legal-info+.
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* +LIBFOO_FLAT_STACKSIZE+ defines the stack size of an application built into
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the FLAT binary format. The application stack size on the NOMMU architecture
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processors can't be enlarged at run time. The default stack size for the
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FLAT binary format is only 4k bytes. If the application consumes more stack,
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append the required number here.
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The recommended way to define these variables is to use the following
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syntax:
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----------------------
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LIBFOO_VERSION = 2.32
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----------------------
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Now, the variables that define what should be performed at the
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different steps of the build process.
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* +LIBFOO_EXTRACT_CMDS+ lists the actions to be performed to extract
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the package. This is generally not needed as tarballs are
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automatically handled by Buildroot. However, if the package uses a
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non-standard archive format, such as a ZIP or RAR file, or has a
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tarball with a non-standard organization, this variable allows to
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override the package infrastructure default behavior.
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* +LIBFOO_CONFIGURE_CMDS+ lists the actions to be performed to
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configure the package before its compilation.
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* +LIBFOO_BUILD_CMDS+ lists the actions to be performed to
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compile the package.
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* +HOST_LIBFOO_INSTALL_CMDS+ lists the actions to be performed
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to install the package, when the package is a host package. The
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package must install its files to the directory given by
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+$(HOST_DIR)+. All files, including development files such as
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headers should be installed, since other packages might be compiled
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on top of this package.
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* +LIBFOO_INSTALL_TARGET_CMDS+ lists the actions to be
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performed to install the package to the target directory, when the
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package is a target package. The package must install its files to
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the directory given by +$(TARGET_DIR)+. Only the files required for
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'execution' of the package have to be
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installed. Header files, static libraries and documentation will be
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removed again when the target filesystem is finalized.
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* +LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING_CMDS+ lists the actions to be
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performed to install the package to the staging directory, when the
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package is a target package. The package must install its files to
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the directory given by +$(STAGING_DIR)+. All development files
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should be installed, since they might be needed to compile other
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packages.
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* +LIBFOO_INSTALL_IMAGES_CMDS+ lists the actions to be performed to
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install the package to the images directory, when the package is a
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target package. The package must install its files to the directory
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given by +$(BINARIES_DIR)+. Only files that are binary images (aka
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images) that do not belong in the +TARGET_DIR+ but are necessary
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|
for booting the board should be placed here. For example, a package
|
|
should utilize this step if it has binaries which would be similar
|
|
to the kernel image, bootloader or root filesystem images.
|
|
|
|
* +LIBFOO_INSTALL_INIT_SYSV+ and +LIBFOO_INSTALL_INIT_SYSTEMD+ list the
|
|
actions to install init scripts either for the systemV-like init systems
|
|
(busybox, sysvinit, etc.) or for the systemd units. These commands
|
|
will be run only when the relevant init system is installed (i.e. if
|
|
systemd is selected as the init system in the configuration, only
|
|
+LIBFOO_INSTALL_INIT_SYSTEMD+ will be run).
|
|
|
|
The preferred way to define these variables is:
|
|
|
|
----------------------
|
|
define LIBFOO_CONFIGURE_CMDS
|
|
action 1
|
|
action 2
|
|
action 3
|
|
endef
|
|
----------------------
|
|
|
|
In the action definitions, you can use the following variables:
|
|
|
|
* +$(@D)+, which contains the directory in which the package source
|
|
code has been uncompressed.
|
|
|
|
* +$(TARGET_CC)+, +$(TARGET_LD)+, etc. to get the target
|
|
cross-compilation utilities
|
|
|
|
* +$(TARGET_CROSS)+ to get the cross-compilation toolchain prefix
|
|
|
|
* Of course the +$(HOST_DIR)+, +$(STAGING_DIR)+ and +$(TARGET_DIR)+
|
|
variables to install the packages properly.
|
|
|
|
Finally, you can also use hooks. See xref:hooks[] for more information.
|