This commit separates certain SMP aspects into 'spec/smp' subdirectories.
Thereby it simplifies non-SMP implementations again, where no locking
and several platform specific maintainance operations are not needed.
Moreover, it moves several platform specifics to appropriated places,
removes dead code from x86, and starts to turn global static pointers
into references that are handed over.
Propagating the user context-pointer from C++ code to the mode
transition assembly doesn't touch any CPU global data. Thus, we can
reduce the in-sync window.
Fixes#1223
Instead of organizing page tables within slab blocks and allocating such
blocks dynamically on demand, replace the page table allocator with a
simple, static alternative. The new page table allocator is dimensioned
at compile-time. When a PD runs out of page-tables, we simply flush its
current mappings, and re-use the freed tables. The only exception is
core/kernel that should not produce any page faults. Thereby it has to
be ensured that core has enough page tables to populate it's virtual
memory.
A positive side-effect of this static approach is that the accounting
of memory used for page-tables is now possible again. In the dynamic case
there was no protocol existent that solved the problem of donating memory
to core during a page fault.
Fix#1588
Previously, we did the protection-domain switches without a transitional
translation table that contains only global mappings. This was fine as long
as the CPU did no speculative memory accesses. However, to enabling branch
prediction triggers such accesses. Thus, if we don't want to invalidate
predictors on every context switch, we need to switch more carefully.
ref #474
