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- \documentclass{latexkurs}
- \subtitle{Grafiken erstellen mit \LaTeX{}}
- \date{2015-12-14}
-
- \def\TikZ{Ti\emph{k}Z}
- %%%%%%
-
-
- \begin{document}
- \begin{frame}
- \frametitle{Grafiken erstellen in \LaTeX}
-
- \onslide<+->
-
- \LaTeX\ stellt von sich aus Möglichkeiten bereit, Graphiken zu erzeugen:
- \begin{itemize}
- \item<2-> die \texttt{picture}-Umgebung
- \item<2-> \texttt{pict2e}, um die \texttt{picture}-Umgebung zu erweitern
- \item<2-> \texttt{epic}, \textit{enhanced picture}
- \item<2-> \texttt{eepic}, \textit{enhanced epic}
- \item<2-> \texttt{pmgraph}, \textit{poor man graphics}
- \item<3-> \alert<3-5>{pstricks}
- \begin{itemize}
- \item<4-> schnell (nutzt Postscript)
- \item<5-> funktioniert nicht mit \texttt{pdftex} und \texttt{luatex}
- \end{itemize}
- \item<6-> \alert<6->{\TikZ}
- \begin{itemize}
- \item<7-> portabel
- \item<8-> langsamer als \texttt{pstricks}
- \item<9-> subjektiv einfacher als \texttt{pstricks}
- \end{itemize}
- \end{itemize}
-
- \end{frame}
-
- \begin{luacode}
- function weierstrass(x0, x1, n, a, b, epsilon)
- local dx = (x1 - x0) / n
- local x = x0
- local out = assert(io.open("tmp.data", "w"))
- local y, k, dy
-
- while (x <= x1) do
- y = 0
- k = 0
- repeat
- dy = math.pow(a, k) * math.cos(math.pow(b, k) * math.pi * x)
- y = y + dy
- k = k + 1
- until (math.abs(dy) < epsilon)
- out:write(x, " ", y, "\string\n")
- x = x + dx
- end
- out:close()
- end
- \end{luacode}
-
- \directlua{weierstrass(-2,2,500,0.3,5,1.e-12)}
-
- \begin{frame}
- \frametitle{Weierstraß-Funktion mit \TikZ\ und Lua}
-
- \begin{equation*}
- x \mapsto \sum_{n=0} ^\infty a^n \cos(b^n \pi x)
- \end{equation*}
-
- \begin{center}
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \begin{axis}[axis lines=middle, ymin=-1.5, ymax=1.75]
- \addplot[thin, blue] table {tmp.data};
- \end{axis}
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{center}
-
- \end{frame}
-
-
- \section{Grundlagen von \TikZ}
-
- \begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{Wie? }
-
- \onslide<+->
-
- Um \TikZ\ in \LaTeX\ zu nutzen:
- \begin{itemize}
- \item<+-> \lstinline!\usepackage{tikz}!
- \item<+-> Aller Code zwischen \lstinline!\begin{tikzpicture}! und
- \lstinline!\end{tikzpicture}! wird von \LaTeX\ an \TikZ\
- abgegeben.
- \end{itemize}
-
- \onslide<+->
-
- \begin{block}{\textcolor{red}{\textbf{ACHTUNG!}}}
- \TikZ\ ist eine eigene \enquote{Sprache}!
- \end{block}
-
- \end{frame}
-
- \begin{frame}[fragile,t]
- \frametitle{Die \texttt{tikzpicture} Umgebung.}
-
- \begin{lstlisting}
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- CODE
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{lstlisting}
- \pause
- Kann zum Beispiel in \texttt{figure} Umgebung eingebettet werden.
- \begin{lstlisting}
- \begin{figure}[h]
- \centering
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- CODE
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \caption{some caption}
- \label{fig:someref}
- \end{figure}
- \end{lstlisting}
- \end{frame}
-
- \begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{Let's draw some lines.}
-
- \centering
-
- \pause
-
- \begin{columns}
- \begin{column}{0.3\linewidth}
- \centering
- \tikzexternalenable
- \begin{tikzpicture}[step=0.3]
- \draw<2->[red] (0,0) -- (2,3);
- \draw<3->[thick,blue] (1,1) -- (1,3);
- \uncover<4->{\draw[step=0.3] (0,0) grid (3,3);}
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \tikzexternaldisable
- \end{column}
- \begin{column}{0.7\linewidth}
- \begin{lstlisting}[frame=none]
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \draw[red] (0,0) -- (2,3); (*@\pause @*)
- \draw[thick,blue] (1,1) -- (1,3); (*@\pause @*)
- \draw[step=.3] (0,0) grid (3,3);
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{lstlisting}
- \end{column}
- \end{columns}
-
- \pause
-
- \medskip
-
- \begin{columns}
- \begin{column}{0.3\linewidth}
- \centering
- \tikzexternalenable
- \begin{tikzpicture}[step=0.3]
- \draw<5->[red,->] (0,0) -- (2,3);
- \draw<6->[blue,dashed] (1,1) -- (1,3);
- \uncover<7->{\draw[dotted] (0,0) grid (3,3);}
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \tikzexternaldisable
- \end{column}
- \begin{column}{0.7\linewidth}
- \begin{lstlisting}[frame=none]
- \begin{tikzpicture}[step=0.3]
- \draw[red,->] (0,0) -- (2,3); (*@\pause @*)
- \draw[blue,dashed] (1,1) -- (1,3); (*@\pause @*)
- \draw[dotted] (0,0) grid (3,3);
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{lstlisting}
- \end{column}
- \end{columns}
-
- \end{frame}
-
-
- \begin{frame}[fragile,t]
- \frametitle{Even more lines.}
-
- \pause
-
- \begin{columns}
- \begin{column}{0.3\linewidth}
- \centering
- \tikzexternalenable
- \begin{tikzpicture}[step=0.4,scale=0.8]
- \uncover<2->{\draw[red!50,thick,<<-] (0,0) -- (2,3);}
- \draw<3->[line width=4pt,blue] (1,1) -- (0,2);
- \uncover<4->{\draw[dotted] (0,0) grid (3,3);}
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \tikzexternaldisable
- \end{column}
- \begin{column}{0.7\linewidth}
- \begin{lstlisting}[frame=none]
- \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8,step=0.4]
- \draw[red!50,thick,<<-] (0,0) -- (2,3); (*@\pause @*)
- \draw[line width=4pt,blue] (1,1) -- (0,2); (*@\pause @*)
- \draw[dotted] (0,0) grid (3,3);
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{lstlisting}
- \end{column}
- \end{columns}
-
- \pause
-
- \medskip
-
- \begin{columns}
- \begin{column}{0.3\linewidth}
- \centering
- \tikzexternalenable
- \begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={below}]
- \tikzset{step=0.3}
- \draw<5->[red] (0,0) -- (2,3) node[above] {a};
- \draw<6->[blue,dashed] (1,1) rectangle (2,2);
- \uncover<7->{\draw[dotted] (0,0) node {0} grid (3,3);}
- \draw<8->[fill,,opacity=0.3] (1,1) circle(.707);
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \tikzexternaldisable
- \end{column}
- \begin{column}{0.7\linewidth}
- \begin{lstlisting}[frame=none]
- \begin{tikzpicture}[step=0.3]
- \tikzset{every node/.style={below}}
- \draw[red] (0,0) -- (2,3) node[above] {a}; (*@\pause @*)
- \draw[blue,dashed] (1,1) rectangle (2,2); (*@\pause @*)
- \draw[dotted] (0,0) node {0} grid (3,3); (*@\pause @*)
- \draw[fill,opacity=0.3] (1,1) circle(1);
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{lstlisting}
- \end{column}
- \end{columns}
-
- \end{frame}
-
- \begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{Let's get curvy}
-
- \pause
-
- \begin{columns}
- \begin{column}{0.3\linewidth}
- \centering
- \tikzexternalenable
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \coordinate (a) at (0,0);
- \coordinate (b) at (0,1);
- \coordinate (c) at (1,1);
- \coordinate (d) at (3,2);
- \draw[blue] (a) -- (d);
- \draw<2-> (a)..controls (b) and (c)..(d);
- \draw<3->[green,bend left=30] (a) to (d);
- \draw<4->[red,out=90, in=-90] (a) to (d);
- \draw<5-> ($(a)!0.5!(d)$) ellipse (1 and 0.5);
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \tikzexternaldisable
- \end{column}
- \begin{column}{0.7\linewidth}
- \begin{lstlisting}[mathescape=false,frame=none]
- \usetikzlibrary{calc}
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \coordinate (a) at (0,0);
- \coordinate (b) at (0,1);
- \coordinate (c) at (1,1);
- \coordinate (d) at (3,2);
- \draw[blue] (a) -- (d);
- \draw (a)..controls (b) and (c)..(d); (*@\pause @*)
- \draw[green,bend left=30] (a) to (d); (*@\pause @*)
- \draw[red,out=90, in=-90] (a) to (d); (*@\pause @*)
- \draw ($(a)!0.5!(d)$) ellipse(1 and 0.5);
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{lstlisting}
- \end{column}
- \end{columns}
-
- \end{frame}
-
- \begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{Zickzack}
-
- \pause
-
- \begin{columns}
- \begin{column}{0.3\linewidth}
- \centering
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \coordinate (a) at (0,0);
- \coordinate (b) at (1,1);
- \coordinate (c) at (3,2);
- \draw<2->[blue] (a) -- (c);
- \draw<3-> (a)--(b)--(c);
- \begin{scope}[yshift=1cm,dashed,thick]
- \coordinate (a) at (0,0);
- \coordinate (c) at (3,2);
- \uncover<6->{\draw[red] (a)--(b)--(c);}
- \node<7->[draw,circle through=(a)] at (b){};
- \end{scope}
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{column}
- \begin{column}{0.7\linewidth}
- \begin{lstlisting}[mathescape=false,frame=none]
- \usetikzlibrary{through}
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \coordinate (a) at (0,0);
- \coordinate (b) at (1,1);
- \coordinate (c) at (3,2);
- \draw[blue] (a) -- (c);(*@\pause @*)
- \draw (a)--(b)--(c);(*@\pause @*)
- \begin{scope}[yshift=1cm,dashed,thick] (*@\pause @*)
- \coordinate (a) at (0,0);
- \coordinate (c) at (3,2);(*@\pause @*)
- \draw[red] (a)--(b)--(c);(*@\pause @*)
- \node[(*@draw@*),circle through=(a)] at (b){};
- \end{scope}
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{lstlisting}
- \end{column}
- \end{columns}
- \end{frame}
-
- \begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{Eine andere Sicht.}
-
- \pause
-
- \begin{columns}
- \begin{column}{0.2\linewidth}
- \centering
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \tikzset{tomsbox/.style={rectangle, draw, very thick,
- minimum size=7mm, rounded corners=2mm}}
- \node[tomsbox] (1) at (0,0) {$T_1$};
- \node[tomsbox] (2) [below=of 1] {$T_2$};
- \node[tomsbox] (3) [below=of 2] {$T_3$};
- \node[tomsbox] (4) [below=of 3] {$T_4$};
- \draw (1)--(2)--(3)--(4);
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{column}
- \begin{column}{0.8\linewidth}
- \begin{lstlisting}[mathescape=false,frame=none]
- \usetikzlibrary{positioning} % in der Präambel
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \tikzset{tomsbox/.style={rectangle, (*@draw@*),
- very thick,minimum size=7mm,
- rounded corners=2mm}}
- \node[tomsbox] (1) at (0,0) {$T_1$};
- \node[tomsbox] (2) [below=of 1] {$T_2$};
- \node[tomsbox] (3) [below=of 2] {$T_3$};
- \node[tomsbox] (4) [below=of 3] {$T_4$};
- \draw (1)--(2)--(3)--(4);
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{lstlisting}
- \end{column}
- \end{columns}
- \end{frame}
-
-
- \begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{for many times}
-
- \pause
-
- \begin{columns}
- \begin{column}{0.2\linewidth}
- \centering
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \tikzset{tomsbox/.style={rectangle, draw, very thick,
- minimum size=7mm, rounded corners=2mm}}
- \node[tomsbox] (1) at (0,0) {$T_1$};
- \foreach \i [count=\j] in {2,3,4}{
- \node[tomsbox] (\i) [below=of \j] {$T_\i$};
- \draw (\j)--(\i);
- }
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{column}
- \begin{column}{0.82\linewidth}
- \begin{lstlisting}[mathescape=false,frame=none]
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \tikzset{tomsbox/.style={rectangle, (*@draw@*),
- very thick,minimum size=7mm,
- rounded corners=2mm}}
- \node[tomsbox] (1) at (0,0) {$T_1$};
- \foreach \i [count=\j] in {2,3,4}
- {
- \node[tomsbox] (\i) [below=of \j] {$T_\i$};
- \draw (\j)--(\i);
- }
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{lstlisting}
- \end{column}
- \end{columns}
- \end{frame}
-
- \begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{Bibliotheken}
-
- \onslide<+->
-
- Die Funktionalität von \TikZ\ kann durch externe \emph{Bibliotheken} erweitert werden.
-
- \onslide<+->
-
- \begin{Beispiel}
- \begin{lstlisting}
- \usetikzlibrary{automata}
- \end{lstlisting}
-
- \centering
- \begin{tikzpicture}[shorten >=1pt,node distance=1cm and 3cm,on grid,
- every state/.style={draw=blue!50,very thick,fill=blue!20}]
- \node[state,initial] (q_0) {$q_0$};
- \node[state] (q_1) [above right=of q_0] {$q_1$};
- \node[state] (q_2) [below right=of q_0] {$q_2$};
- \path[->] (q_0) edge node [above left] {0} (q_1)
- edge node [below left] {1} (q_2)
- (q_1) edge [loop above] node {0} ()
- (q_2) edge [loop below] node {1} ();
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{Beispiel}
-
- \end{frame}
-
- \begin{frame}
- \frametitle{Bibliotheken}
-
- \onslide<+->
-
- \texttt{3d},
- \texttt{angles},
- \texttt{arrows},
- \texttt{automata},
- \texttt{babel},
- \texttt{backgrounds},
- \texttt{bending},
- \texttt{calc},
- \texttt{calendar},
- \texttt{chains},
- \texttt{decorations},
- \texttt{decorations.footprints},
- \texttt{decorations.fractals},
- \texttt{decorations.markings},
- \texttt{decorations.pathmorphing},
- \texttt{decorations.pathreplacing},
- \texttt{decorations.shapes},
- \texttt{decorations.text},
- \texttt{er},
- \texttt{fadings},
- \texttt{fit},
- \texttt{fixedpointarithmetic},
- \texttt{folding},
- \texttt{fpu},
- \texttt{intersections},
- \texttt{lindenmayersystems},
- \texttt{math},
- \texttt{matrix},
- \texttt{mindmap},
- \texttt{patterns},
- \texttt{petri},
- \texttt{plothandlers},
- \texttt{plotmarks},
- \texttt{positioning},
- \texttt{quotes},
- \texttt{scopes},
- \texttt{shadings},
- \texttt{shadows},
- \texttt{shapes.arrows},
- \texttt{shapes.callouts},
- \texttt{shapes},
- \texttt{shapes.gates.logic.IEC},
- \texttt{shapes.gates.logic.US},
- \texttt{shapes.geometric},
- \texttt{shapes.misc},
- \texttt{shapes.multipart},
- \texttt{shapes.symbols},
- \texttt{snakes},
- \texttt{spy},
- \texttt{svg.path},
- \texttt{through},
- \texttt{topaths},
- \texttt{trees},
- \texttt{turtle}
-
- \end{frame}
-
- \section{Datenvisualisierung}
-
- \begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{Datenvisualisierung}
- \onslide<+->
-
- \begin{columns}
- \begin{column}{0.3\linewidth}
- \centering
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \datavisualization [school book axes, visualize as smooth line]
- data {x, y
- -1.5, 2.25
- -1, 1
- -.5, .25
- 0, 0
- .5, .25
- 1, 1
- 1.5, 2.25
- };
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{column}
- \begin{column}{0.6\linewidth}
- \small
- \begin{lstlisting}[frame=none]
- \usetikzlibrary{datavisualization}
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \datavisualization [school book axes,
- visualize as smooth line]
- data {x, y
- -1.5, 2.25
- -1, 1
- -.5, .25
- 0, 0
- .5, .25
- 1, 1
- 1.5, 2.25
- };
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{lstlisting}
- \end{column}
- \end{columns}
- \end{frame}
-
- \begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{Automatisch}
-
- \onslide<+->
-
- \begin{columns}
- \begin{column}{0.3\linewidth}
- \centering
- \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline]
- \datavisualization [school book axes,
- visualize as smooth line]
- data [format=function] {
- var x : interval [-1.5:1.5] samples 7;
- func y = \value x * \value x;
- };
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{column}
- \begin{column}{0.6\linewidth}
- \small
- \begin{lstlisting}[mathescape=false,frame=none]
- \usetikzlibrary{(*@datavisualization@*),
- (*@datavisualization@*).formats.functions}
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \datavisualization
- [school book axes,
- visualize as smooth line]
- data [format=function] {
- var x : interval [-1.5:1.5]
- samples 7;
- func y = \value x * \value x;
- };
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{lstlisting}
- \end{column}
- \end{columns}
- \end{frame}
-
- \begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{Achsen}
-
- \onslide<+->
-
- \begin{columns}
- \begin{column}{0.3\linewidth}
- \centering
- \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline]
- \datavisualization [scientific axes=clean,
- x axis={length=.7\linewidth, ticks=few},
- visualize as smooth line]
- data [format=function] {
- var x : interval [-1.5:1.5] samples 7;
- func y = \value x * \value x;
- };
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{column}
- \begin{column}{0.6\linewidth}
- \small
- \begin{lstlisting}[mathescape=false,frame=none]
- \begin{tikzpicture}
- \datavisualization
- [scientific axes=clean,
- x axis={length=.7\linewidth,
- ticks=few},
- visualize as smooth line]
- data [format=function] {
- var x : interval [-1.5:1.5]
- samples 7;
- func y = \value x * \value x;
- };
- \end{tikzpicture}
- \end{lstlisting}
- \end{column}
- \end{columns}
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- \section{Ein Tutorial}
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